Mgwirizano wa peptide ndi chitetezo chokwanira

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Kuperewera kwa peptide m'thupi kumayambitsa chitetezo chochepa, komanso chosavuta kutenga kachilomboka, komanso kufa kwakukulu.Komabe, ndikukula kwachangu kwa chitetezo chamthupi chamakono, anthu adziwa pang'onopang'ono za ubale wa peptide ndi chitetezo chamthupi.Monga tikudziwira, kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi la peptide kungayambitse hypoplasia ndi atrophy ya ziwalo zoteteza thupi, ndipo zimakhudzanso chitetezo cham'thupi komanso chitetezo cha humoral.

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Chitetezo cha mthupi chimasintha pakasowa peptide.Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa ziwiri:

(1)Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.Chakudya chimakhala ndi zomanga thupi zochepa kapena zomanga thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapuloteni ochepa a peptide.

(2)Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.Thupi la munthu limawononga mapuloteni, ndiko kuti, mphamvu yogaya zomanga thupi imakhala yochepa, komanso kuyamwa kwake kumakhala koyipa.Ndiko kunena kuti, ndi yachiwiri ku matenda ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lithe kulephera kupanga ma peptides, kuyamwa bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika, kapena kutulutsa kwambiri.

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi la peptide ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi kuwonda, edema ndi kutopa.

(1)Kuwonda kumadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa thupi, kutayika kwa minofu ya subcutaneous, ndi kutayika kwakukulu kwa minofu ya thupi, monga mafupa aumunthu.

(2)Edema imadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu, kukula kwa ndulu, kukulitsa chiwindi, kuchepa kwa chiwindi, kuchepa kwamphamvu, kuchulukirachulukira komanso kufa kwa matenda a bakiteriya.

(3)Kutopa kumadziwika ndi kugona, kugona tulo, kugona, chifuwa cholimba, kupuma movutikira, kusapeza bwino, etc.

Nthawi zambiri, chitetezo chamthupi cha anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi la peptide ndi chochepa kuposa momwe timakhalira.Ntchito yeniyeni ndi iyi:

Thymus ndi ma lymph nodes: Ziwalo zoyamba ndi minyewa yomwe ili ndi vuto la kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi ndi ma thymus ndi ma lymph nodes.Kukula kwa thymus ndikuchepa, kulemera kumachepetsedwa, malire pakati pa cortex ndi medulla samveka bwino, ndipo nambala ya selo imachepetsedwa.Kukula, kulemera kwake, kapangidwe ka minofu, kachulukidwe ka cell ndi kapangidwe ka ndulu ndi ma lymph nodes amakhalanso ndi kusintha kowoneka bwino.Ngati ikuphatikizidwa ndi matenda, minofu ya lymphatic idzachepa kwambiri.Kuyesera kwawonetsa kuti minofu ya thymus imatha kubwerera mwakale pambuyo powonjezera zakudya za peptide kwa nyama zomwe zilibe chakudya cha peptide.

Ma cell a chitetezo amatanthauza chitetezo chopangidwa ndi T lymphocytes.Pamene zakudya za peptide zikusowa, thymus ndi minofu ina imachepa ndipo kukula kwa maselo a T kumakhudzidwa.Kuchepa kwa chitetezo cham'maselo kumangowoneka ngati kuchepa kwa maselo a T, komanso kusagwira ntchito bwino.

Humoral immune imatanthawuza chitetezo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi ma lymphocyte amkati B.Pamene thupi la munthu likusowa zakudya zamapuloteni a peptide, palibe kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha maselo a B m'magazi ozungulira.Kuyesera kogwira ntchito kwawonetsa kuti mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa matenda a peptide, kuchuluka kwa seramu kumakhala kwabwinobwino kapena kukwezeka pang'ono, makamaka kukakhala ndi matenda, komanso kupanga immunoglobulin sikukhudzidwa kwambiri peptide ikasowa, chifukwa chake imakhala ndi vuto lalikulu. ntchito ya chitetezo ku ma antibodies.

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Wothandiziradongosoloali ndi zotsatira zolimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuphatikizapo zotsatira za opsonization, chitetezo cha mthupi, phagocytosis, chemotaxis ya maselo oyera a magazi ndi neutralization ya mavairasi.Pamene zakudya zamapuloteni a peptide zikusowa, zowonjezera zonse ndi zowonjezera C3 zimakhala pamlingo wovuta kapena kuchepa, ndipo ntchito yawo imachepa.Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa kaphatikizidwe kothandizira kumachepa.Pamene matenda amayambitsa ma antigen kumangiriza, kumwa kowonjezera kumawonjezeka.

Phagocytes: Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la mapuloteni a peptide, chiwerengero chonse cha neutrophilsndintchito zawo zimakhalabe zosasintha.Chemotaxis ya maselo ndi yachibadwa kapena pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono, ndipo phagocytic ntchito ndi yachibadwa, koma kupha mphamvu ya tizilombo tamezedwa ndi maselo ndi wofooka.Ngati peptide ikuwonjezeredwa mu nthawi, ntchito ya phagocytes imatha kubwezeretsedwa pang'onopang'ono pakatha sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri.

Zina zoteteza chitetezo: Zina zomwe sizili zenizeni zodzitetezera zimakhalanso ndi kusintha kwakukulu pamene peptide yogwira ntchito ikusowa, monga kuchepa kwa ntchito ya lysozyme mu plasma, misozi, malovu ndi zina zotsekemera, kusinthika kwa maselo a mucosal epithelial, kubwezeretsa mucosal ndi kusintha kwa cilia ,tkuchepetsa kupanga interferon, etc., zingakhudze chiwopsezo cha wolandirayo kutenga matenda.


Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-16-2021

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